:root {
  --grey: rgb(90, 90, 90);
  --red: rgb(140, 21, 21);
  --red-dark: #820000;
  --gamma-blue: rgb(0, 114, 206);
  --umd-red: #e21833;
  --black: rgb(46, 45, 41);
  --line: #ddd;
  --width: 900px;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  font-family: "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif;
  font-size: 100%;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: .8px;
  color: var(--grey);
}

body {
  width: var(--width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  background: #fff;
}

p { margin: 0; line-height: 1.3em; }
h1, h2, h3 { margin: 0; color: var(--black); }
h1, h2 { font-weight: 600; }
h3 { font-weight: 400; }
a { color: var(--black); text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
img { vertical-align: middle; }
ul { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; }

.skip-link { position: fixed; z-index: 10000; top: 6px; left: 6px; padding: 6px 10px; background: var(--black); color: #fff; transform: translateY(-150%); }
.skip-link:focus { transform: translateY(0); }

#header {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 9999;
  top: 0;
  left: 50%;
  display: flex;
  width: var(--width);
  height: 61px;
  padding: 10px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .7);
  line-height: 40px;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
}

#header a { color: var(--grey); text-decoration: none; transition: color .3s ease; }
#header a:hover, #header a.active { color: var(--black); }
.site-name { font-size: 1.05em; font-weight: 600; }
#nav { display: flex; margin-left: auto; gap: 32px; }
.menu-toggle { display: none; margin-left: auto; padding: 0; border: 0; background: none; color: var(--grey); }

#profile { padding: 106px 30px 48px; }
.home-profile { display: flex; align-items: center; }
.home-copy { width: 100%; }
.home-copy h1 { margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 3.05em; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .2px; line-height: 1.05em; }
.home-copy p { max-width: 680px; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.home-copy .lead { color: var(--black); font-size: 1.12em; }
.gamma-blue { color: var(--gamma-blue); font-weight: 600; }
.umd-red { color: var(--umd-red); font-weight: 600; }
/* .home-copy h1 .umd-red { font-size: .78em; } */
.home-links { display: flex; margin-top: 24px; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; align-items: center; }
.follow-label { color: #888; font-size: .9em; }
.social-link { display: inline-flex; padding: 6px 12px 6px 10px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 999px; color: var(--black); font-size: .9em; font-weight: 600; align-items: center; gap: 8px; transition: border-color .2s ease, background .2s ease; }
.social-link:hover { border-color: #bbb; background: #f6f6f4; text-decoration: none; }
.social-link svg { width: auto; height: 16px; }

.gallery { position: relative; margin: 0 30px 48px; overflow: hidden; border-radius: 6px; background: #eceeea; aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; }
.slides, .slide { position: absolute; inset: 0; margin: 0; }
.slide { opacity: 0; transition: opacity 1s ease; }
.slide.is-active { opacity: 1; }
.slide img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: center 60%; }
.slide-fit img { object-fit: contain; object-position: center; }
.slide-dots { position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 12px; left: 0; display: flex; justify-content: center; gap: 6px; }
.slide-dots span { width: 7px; height: 7px; border-radius: 50%; background: rgba(255,255,255,.55); box-shadow: 0 0 2px rgba(0,0,0,.35); }
.slide-dots span.is-active { background: #fff; }

.research-areas { padding: 43px 30px 48px; }
#profile + .research-areas { padding-top: 0; }
.section-heading { display: flex; margin-bottom: 25px; justify-content: space-between; gap: 24px; align-items: end; }
.section-heading h2 { margin-bottom: 4px; font-size: 1.55em; }
.section-heading p { color: #888; font-size: .92em; }
.section-heading > a { padding-bottom: 2px; font-size: .9em; font-weight: 600; white-space: nowrap; }
.research-area-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 22px; }
.research-area-card { position: relative; display: block; min-height: 218px; overflow: hidden; border-radius: 6px; background: #252a27; color: #fff; }
.research-area-card-wide { grid-column: 1 / -1; min-height: 290px; }
.research-area-card::after { position: absolute; inset: 25% 0 0; background: linear-gradient(transparent,rgba(17,20,18,.9)); content: ""; }
.research-area-card img, .research-area-card video { position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; transition: transform .3s ease; }
.research-area-card video { pointer-events: none; }
.research-area-media { position: absolute; inset: 0; }
.research-area-media-split { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); }
.research-area-shot { position: relative; min-width: 0; overflow: hidden; }
.research-area-shot + .research-area-shot { border-left: 2px solid rgba(255,255,255,.7); }
.research-area-shot:first-child video { object-position: 68% center; }
.research-area-card:hover { text-decoration: none; }
.research-area-card:hover img, .research-area-card:hover video { transform: scale(1.025); }
.research-area-card span { position: absolute; z-index: 1; right: 18px; bottom: 16px; left: 18px; }
.research-area-card strong, .research-area-card small { display: block; }
.research-area-card strong { color: #fff; font-size: 1.08em; line-height: 1.2; }
.research-area-card small { max-width: 610px; margin-top: 4px; color: rgba(255,255,255,.8); font-size: .78em; line-height: 1.35; }
.research-area-card .research-video-credit { margin-top: 7px; color: rgba(255,255,255,.64); font-size: .7em; letter-spacing: .5px; }

.pi-section { padding: 43px 30px 20px; }
.pi-section > h2 { margin-bottom: 28px; font-size: 1.55em; }
.pi { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 170px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 32px; margin-bottom: 40px; }
.pi img { width: 170px; aspect-ratio: 4 / 5; object-fit: cover; border-radius: 4px; }
.pi h3 { margin-bottom: 4px; font-size: 1.3em; font-weight: 600; }
.pi-title { color: var(--black); font-size: .9em; }
.pi-bio { margin-top: 12px; font-size: .92em; line-height: 1.55; }
.pi-links { margin-top: 12px; font-size: .9em; }
.pi-links a { color: var(--black); font-weight: 600; }

.news-section { padding: 43px 30px 48px; }
.news-section > h2 { margin-bottom: 22px; font-size: 1.55em; }
.news-list li { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 82px minmax(0,1fr) auto; gap: 16px; padding: 9px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; align-items: baseline; }
.news-list time { color: #888; font-size: .88em; white-space: nowrap; }
.news-list a { color: var(--black); line-height: 1.3; }
.news-list span { color: #888; font-size: .85em; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; }
.news-more summary { margin-top: 16px; color: var(--black); font-weight: 600; cursor: pointer; }
.news-more[open] summary { margin-bottom: 6px; }
.news-source { margin-top: 18px; color: #888; font-size: .88em; }

.divider { width: 100%; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.divider + .gallery { margin-top: 48px; }
.home-about { max-width: 680px; padding: 55px 30px 75px; }
.home-about h2 { margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 1.55em; }
.home-about p { margin-bottom: 18px; }

.page { padding-top: 61px; }
.page-intro { max-width: 680px; padding: 58px 30px 47px; }
.page-intro h1 { margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 2.35em; }
.page-intro p { font-size: 1.05em; }

.research-section, .paper-section, .archive-note, .people-section { padding: 43px 30px 48px; }
.research-section > h2, .paper-section > h2, .archive-note > h2, .people-section > h2 { margin-bottom: 28px; font-size: 1.55em; }
.research-project { display: flow-root; min-height: 185px; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.research-project:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.research-thumb { position: relative; float: left; width: 10em; height: 10em; margin-top: 7px; margin-right: 30px; margin-bottom: 20px; overflow: hidden; }
.research-copy { padding-top: 5px; }
.research-proj-title { margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.08em; line-height: 1.2; }
.authors { margin-bottom: 11px; color: #888; font-size: .88em; }
.research-copy > p:not(.authors):not(.project-links) { font-size: .94em; }
.project-links { margin-top: 10px; font-size: .88em; }
.research-thumb b { position: absolute; right: 7px; bottom: 6px; padding: 2px 4px; background: rgba(255,255,255,.8); color: var(--black); font-size: 7px; font-weight: 400; }

.thumb-behav { background: linear-gradient(#b5c4c7 0 47%,#b9bea4 48%); }
.scene-path { position: absolute; bottom: -25%; left: 31%; width: 43%; height: 75%; background: #d7c3a4; clip-path: polygon(35% 0,65% 0,100% 100%,0 100%); }
.scene-tree { position: absolute; top: 20%; right: 18%; width: 5px; height: 53px; background: #4a5c48; }.scene-tree::after { position: absolute; top: -15px; left: -18px; width: 41px; height: 37px; border-radius: 50%; background: #64765d; content: ""; }
.small-robot { position: absolute; z-index: 3; bottom: 23px; left: 42%; width: 31px; height: 17px; border: 2px solid var(--black); background: #f7f4ed; }.small-robot::before,.small-robot::after { position: absolute; top: 15px; width: 3px; height: 13px; background: var(--black); content: ""; }.small-robot::before { left: 4px; transform: rotate(14deg); }.small-robot::after { right: 4px; transform: rotate(-14deg); }
.thumb-gronav { background: #ccd9ce; }
.contour { position: absolute; border: 1px solid rgba(51,76,61,.35); border-radius: 50%; }.contour-a { inset: -28% 38% -24% -26%; }.contour-b { inset: 11% -20% 5% 35%; }
.small-rover { position: absolute; z-index: 2; top: 39%; left: 35%; width: 52px; height: 32px; border: 2px solid #293b30; background: #f2f2ed; transform: rotate(-7deg); }.small-rover::before,.small-rover::after { position: absolute; bottom: -9px; width: 15px; height: 15px; border: 4px solid #293b30; border-radius: 50%; background: #ccd9ce; content: ""; }.small-rover::before { left: 1px; }.small-rover::after { right: 1px; }
.thumb-social { background-color: #d7e1e4; background-image: radial-gradient(rgba(49,69,75,.3) 1px,transparent 1px); background-size: 13px 13px; }
.person { position: absolute; width: 12px; height: 12px; border-radius: 50%; background: #425257; box-shadow: 0 0 0 11px rgba(255,255,255,.5); }.person.p1 { top: 22%; left: 19%; }.person.p2 { top: 23%; right: 18%; }.person.p3 { right: 28%; bottom: 17%; }
.social-route { position: absolute; bottom: 17%; left: 12%; width: 68%; height: 47%; border-bottom: 3px solid var(--red); border-radius: 50%; transform: rotate(-12deg); }
.round-robot { position: absolute; z-index: 3; bottom: 27%; left: 34%; width: 22px; height: 22px; border: 2px solid var(--black); border-radius: 50%; background: var(--red); }
.thumb-vern { background: #cad1bd; }
.plant { position: absolute; bottom: -8px; width: 39%; height: 90%; border-radius: 60% 60% 0 0; background: rgba(60,90,54,.33); transform-origin: bottom; }.plant-a { left: -3%; transform: rotate(-9deg); }.plant-b { left: 31%; height: 70%; transform: rotate(5deg); }.plant-c { right: -5%; height: 98%; transform: rotate(-4deg); }
.thumb-vern .small-robot { left: 40%; }
.scan-line { position: absolute; z-index: 4; top: 49%; right: 4%; left: 4%; height: 2px; background: var(--red); box-shadow: 0 0 6px var(--red); animation: scan 3s ease-in-out infinite alternate; }

.publication-range { color: #888; font-size: .9em; }
.publication-year-nav { margin: 18px 0 38px; color: #888; font-size: .9em; }
.publication-year-nav a { color: var(--grey); }
.publication-year { scroll-margin-top: 82px; }
.publication-year + .publication-year { margin-top: 42px; }
.publication-year h2 { margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 1.3em; }
.paper-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.paper-list li { display: block; padding: 16px 3px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.paper-list a { color: var(--black); font-size: 1em; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.25; }
.paper-list small { display: block; margin-top: 4px; color: #888; font-size: .8em; line-height: 1.35; }
.paper-list small + small { margin-top: 1px; color: var(--grey); }
.publication-page .page-intro { padding-bottom: 30px; }
.publication-page .paper-section { padding-top: 0; }
.publication-filter { margin-top: 6px; color: var(--grey); font-size: .95em; line-height: 1.6; }
.publication-filter a { color: var(--grey); white-space: nowrap; }
.publication-page .page-intro { max-width: none; }
.research-intro { max-width: 680px; }
.research-tabs { display: flex; margin: 27px 0 15px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); gap: 28px; }
.research-tabs a { position: relative; padding: 0 1px 10px; color: #888; font-size: .96em; font-weight: 600; }
.research-tabs a:hover { color: var(--black); text-decoration: none; }
.research-tabs a.active { color: var(--black); }
.research-tabs a.active::after { position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: -1px; left: 0; height: 2px; background: var(--red); content: ""; }
.research-area-tabs { margin-bottom: 0; border-bottom: 0; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 9px; }
.research-area-tabs a { padding: 7px 11px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 999px; font-size: .86em; line-height: 1.25; white-space: normal; }
.research-area-tabs a:hover { border-color: #bbb; }
.research-area-tabs a.active { border-color: var(--black); background: var(--black); color: #fff; }
.research-area-tabs a.active::after { display: none; }
.publication-filter a.active { color: var(--black); font-weight: 600; }
.publication-filter.research-area-tabs a.active { color: #fff; }
.publication-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 30px; }
.publication-list[hidden], .publication-topic-list[hidden] { display: none; }
.publication-topic { scroll-margin-top: 82px; }
.publication-topic + .publication-topic:not([hidden]) { margin-top: 48px; }
.publication-topic > h2 { margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 1.3em; }
.publication-topic-description { max-width: 680px; margin: -13px 0 24px; color: #888; font-size: .94em; }
.publication-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 160px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 20px; align-items: start; }
.publication-thumb { display: grid; width: 160px; height: 96px; overflow: hidden; border-radius: 6px; background: #e6e6e3; place-items: center; }
.publication-thumb img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.publication-placeholder { background: linear-gradient(135deg,#e8e8e4,#d8ddd7); color: #727672; text-decoration: none; }
.publication-placeholder span { font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 2px; }
.publication-copy { min-width: 0; padding-top: 1px; }
.publication-copy h2 { margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.05em; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .55px; line-height: 1.22; }
.publication-copy p { line-height: 1.28; }
.publication-authors { color: var(--grey); font-size: .94em; }
.publication-meta { margin-top: 2px; color: var(--grey); font-size: .94em; }
.publication-links { margin-top: 3px; color: var(--black); font-size: .94em; }
.publication-links a { color: var(--black); }
.resource-section { padding: 0 30px 58px; }
.resource-section[hidden] { display: none; }
.resource-section-heading { margin-bottom: 24px; }
.resource-section-heading h2 { margin-bottom: 5px; font-size: 1.55em; }
.resource-section-heading p { max-width: 680px; color: #888; }
.resource-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); border-top: 1px solid var(--line); border-left: 1px solid var(--line); }
.resource-card { display: flex; min-height: 184px; padding: 22px; border-right: 1px solid var(--line); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); flex-direction: column; transition: background .2s ease; }
.resource-card:hover { background: #f7f7f5; text-decoration: none; }
.resource-area { margin-bottom: 13px; color: var(--red); font-size: .73em; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 1px; text-transform: uppercase; }
.resource-card h3 { margin-bottom: 7px; font-size: 1.08em; font-weight: 600; }
.resource-card p { color: var(--grey); font-size: .9em; line-height: 1.4; }
.resource-link { margin-top: auto; padding-top: 17px; color: var(--black); font-size: .86em; font-weight: 600; }
.more-link { margin-top: 22px; }
.archive-note { max-width: 700px; }
.archive-note p { margin-bottom: 15px; }

.group-panel { position: relative; height: 300px; margin-bottom: 48px; overflow: hidden; background: #e3e5e0; }
.group-panel::before { position: absolute; inset: 0; background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(50,68,58,.08) 1px,transparent 1px),linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(50,68,58,.08) 1px,transparent 1px); background-size: 36px 36px; content: ""; }
.network-lines { position: absolute; inset: 18% 8%; border: 1px solid rgba(47,70,57,.25); border-radius: 50%; }.network-lines::after { position: absolute; inset: 25%; border: 1px solid rgba(47,70,57,.2); border-radius: 50%; content: ""; transform: rotate(25deg); }
.group-panel > span { position: absolute; top: var(--y); left: var(--x); z-index: 2; display: grid; width: 43px; height: 43px; place-items: center; border: 3px solid #fff; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--c); color: #fff; font-size: 9px; transform: translate(-50%,-50%); }
.people-section { padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; }
.faculty { display: flex; width: 100%; gap: 42px; }
.faculty + .faculty { margin-top: 38px; }
.portrait { display: grid; width: 150px; height: 150px; place-items: center; background: var(--c); color: #fff; }
.portrait span { font-size: 1.7em; font-weight: 300; }
.faculty-portrait { flex: 0 0 calc((100% - 84px) / 4); width: calc((100% - 84px) / 4); height: auto; aspect-ratio: 4 / 5; background: #4f6266; }
.faculty > div:last-child { max-width: 620px; padding-top: 25px; }
.faculty h3 { margin-bottom: 2px; font-size: 1.35em; }.faculty p { margin-bottom: 11px; font-size: .9em; }.faculty small { font-size: .85em; }
.people-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); column-gap: 28px; row-gap: 38px; }
.people-grid article h3 { margin-top: 8px; font-size: 1.08em; line-height: 1.18; text-align: center; }
.person-meta { margin-top: 4px; color: #888; font-size: .82em; line-height: 1.35; text-align: center; }
.people-grid .portrait { width: 100%; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 1; }
.portrait-photo { overflow: hidden; background: #ddd; }
.portrait-photo img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: center 42%; }
.portrait-photo img.portrait-close { transform: scale(1.24); }
.person-link { display: block; }
.person-link:hover { text-decoration: none; }
.person-link:hover h3 { text-decoration: underline; }
.alumni-heading { margin-bottom: 14px; color: var(--black); font-size: 1.08em; font-weight: 600; }
.phd-alumni { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 14px 40px; margin-bottom: 40px; }
.phd-alumni li { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 2px; }
.phd-alumni a, .phd-alumni b { color: var(--black); font-weight: 600; }
.phd-alumni .alumni-degree { color: #888; font-size: .85em; }
.phd-alumni span { color: var(--grey); font-size: .9em; line-height: 1.3; }
.alumni-groups { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr; gap: 54px; }
.alumni-group h3 { margin-bottom: 15px; color: var(--black); font-size: 1.08em; font-weight: 600; }
.name-list { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 10px 28px; }
.name-list li { color: var(--grey); line-height: 1.35; }
.name-list-single { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
.alumni-note { margin-top: 30px; font-size: .9em; }
.alumni-note a { color: var(--black); font-weight: 600; }

footer { display: flex; padding: 22px 0 30px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); color: #888; font-size: .78em; justify-content: space-between; }

@keyframes scan { from { transform: translateY(-34px); } to { transform: translateY(38px); } }

@media (max-width: 940px) {
  body { width: calc(100% - 36px); }
  #header { width: calc(100% - 36px); }
  .people-section { padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px; }
  .people-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3,1fr); }
  .faculty-portrait { flex-basis: calc((100% - 56px) / 3); width: calc((100% - 56px) / 3); }
}

@media (max-width: 680px) {
  body, #header { width: calc(100% - 28px); }
  #header { height: 57px; line-height: 36px; }
  .menu-toggle { display: block; }
  #nav { position: absolute; top: 57px; right: 0; left: 0; display: none; padding: 7px 0 11px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); background: rgba(255,255,255,.96); flex-direction: column; gap: 0; }
  #nav.open { display: flex; }
  #nav a { padding: 3px 0; }
  #profile { padding: 94px 12px 42px; }
  .gallery { margin: 0 0 36px; aspect-ratio: 4 / 3; }
  .divider + .gallery { margin-top: 36px; }
  .news-section, .pi-section, .research-areas { padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px; }
  .section-heading { align-items: start; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; }
  .research-area-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 15px; }
  .research-area-card, .research-area-card-wide { grid-column: auto; min-height: 220px; }
  .pi { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 16px; }
  .pi img { width: 150px; }
  .news-list li { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2px; }
  .news-list span { text-align: left; }
  .home-profile { min-height: 0; flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; }
  .home-copy { width: 100%; padding: 0; }
  .home-copy h1 { font-size: 2.55em; }
  .home-about, .page-intro, .research-section, .paper-section, .archive-note, .people-section { padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px; }
  .page { padding-top: 57px; }
  .research-project { min-height: 0; margin-bottom: 34px; }
  .research-thumb { float: none; width: 100%; height: auto; margin: 0 0 17px; aspect-ratio: 1.65; }
  .publication-page .page-intro { padding-bottom: 25px; }
  .research-tabs { gap: 20px; overflow-x: auto; }
  .publication-list { gap: 25px; }
  .publication-row { grid-template-columns: 118px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 14px; }
  .publication-thumb { width: 118px; height: 76px; border-radius: 5px; }
  .publication-copy h2 { font-size: .98em; }
  .publication-authors, .publication-meta, .publication-links { font-size: .86em; }
  .resource-section { padding-right: 12px; padding-left: 12px; }
  .resource-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .resource-card { min-height: 165px; }
  .group-panel { height: 250px; }
  .group-panel > span { width: 36px; height: 36px; font-size: 7px; }
  .faculty { flex-direction: column; gap: 15px; }
  .faculty > div:last-child { padding-top: 0; }
  .faculty-portrait { flex-basis: auto; width: calc((100% - 18px) / 2); }
  .people-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2,1fr); gap: 28px 18px; }
  .alumni-groups, .name-list, .phd-alumni { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .alumni-groups { gap: 30px; }
  footer { gap: 15px; flex-direction: column; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after { animation-duration: .001ms !important; animation-iteration-count: 1 !important; transition-duration: .001ms !important; }
}